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Ruba Mohammad Odeh
- Assistant Professor
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Dr Ruba graduated from Ajman University, UAE in 2003 with a DDS degree. She was trained and worked at Ajman University and University of Sharjah teaching clinics until 2008. Dr Odeh was awarded BScDent in 2009 and completed her PhD in Dentistry in 2013 from School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, Australia. She received her Clinical training in Pediatric Dentistry at the Women's and Children Hospital, Adelaide. Dr Ruba is working as an Assistant Professor in Pediatric Dentistry at Ajman University since 2016. Her research interest is in Twins Research, Growth and Development, Dental Anatomy and Occlusion.
Education
- Doctor of Philosophy in Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Australia 2013. Thesis Title: “Infraocclusion and associated dental anomalies in twins and singletons: is there an underlying genetic basis?”
- Doctor of Dental Surgery, DDS, Ajman University of Science & Technology, UAE, 2003. Thesis Title: “Direct & Indirect Pulp Capping (Literature Review)”
- Bachelor of Science in Dentistry (Honours), BSc Dent (Hons), University of Adelaide, Australia, 2009. Thesis Title: “Mutans streptococci colonization and their association with primary tooth emergence in Australian twins”
Doctor of Philosophy in Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Australia 2013. Thesis Title: “Infraocclusion and associated dental anomalies in twins and singletons: is there an underlying genetic basis?”
Doctor of Dental Surgery, DDS, Ajman University of Science & Technology, UAE, 2003. Thesis Title: “Direct & Indirect Pulp Capping (Literature Review)”
Bachelor of Science in Dentistry (Honours), BSc Dent (Hons), University of Adelaide, Australia, 2009. Thesis Title: “Mutans streptococci colonization and their association with primary tooth emergence in Australian twins”
Experience
- 2016 - present: Ajman University, Assistance Professor in Pediatric Dentistry: Teaching 4th year students in clinic: Clinical Pediatric Dentistry I and Clinical Pediatric Dentistry II. Research Supervisor 5th year Students. Academic adviser DDS students from 1st year to 5th year, College Coordinator Committee – graduation ceremony
- 2008 - 2015: School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, Australia Dental Tutor and Lecturer: Pre-clinical teaching of BDS undergraduate year levels 1-3: BDS year level 1: Dental Learning Packages (DLP), Dental Anatomy, Dental Health & Science (DHS), and tutorial sessions. BDS year level 2: Dental Clinical Practice (DCP). BDS year level 3: DCP. Admission committee: Oral Assessments for Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) 2015 Admissions
- 2010 - 2012: Dental registrar at the Women’s and Children Hospital - involved in treating pediatric patient and medically compromised patients at the dental department using nitrous oxide gas and treatment under general anaesthesia. Member of the craniofacial treatment planning group and multidisciplinary clinics.
- 2010 - 2012: School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, Australia Clinical tutor teaching of BDS 4 undergraduate dental students in Dental Clinical Practice (Pediatric Dentistry) course at Somerton Park Dental Clinics
- 2006 - 2008: College of Dentistry, University of Sharjah, UAE Research Assistant Project: “The Impact of Dental Education on Changing Oral Health Behavior among Selected Students of Sharjah University”. Denal Tuor Clinical and Pre-clinical teaching at the undergraduate level. Instructor: Human Biology Laboratory
- 2005 - 2006: Ministry of Health, Sharjah, UAE Sharjah Oral Health Project Centre
- 2004 - 2005: College of Dentistry, Ajman University of Science and Technology, UAE Dental Tutor Clinical and Pre-clinical teaching at the undergraduate level
2016 - present: Ajman University, Assistance Professor in Pediatric Dentistry: Teaching 4th year students in clinic: Clinical Pediatric Dentistry I and Clinical Pediatric Dentistry II. Research Supervisor 5th year Students. Academic adviser DDS students from 1st year to 5th year, College Coordinator Committee – graduation ceremony
2008 - 2015: School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, Australia Dental Tutor and Lecturer: Pre-clinical teaching of BDS undergraduate year levels 1-3: BDS year level 1: Dental Learning Packages (DLP), Dental Anatomy, Dental Health & Science (DHS), and tutorial sessions. BDS year level 2: Dental Clinical Practice (DCP). BDS year level 3: DCP. Admission committee: Oral Assessments for Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) 2015 Admissions
2010 - 2012: Dental registrar at the Women’s and Children Hospital - involved in treating pediatric patient and medically compromised patients at the dental department using nitrous oxide gas and treatment under general anaesthesia. Member of the craniofacial treatment planning group and multidisciplinary clinics.
2010 - 2012: School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, Australia Clinical tutor teaching of BDS 4 undergraduate dental students in Dental Clinical Practice (Pediatric Dentistry) course at Somerton Park Dental Clinics
2006 - 2008: College of Dentistry, University of Sharjah, UAE Research Assistant Project: “The Impact of Dental Education on Changing Oral Health Behavior among Selected Students of Sharjah University”. Denal Tuor Clinical and Pre-clinical teaching at the undergraduate level. Instructor: Human Biology Laboratory
2005 - 2006: Ministry of Health, Sharjah, UAE Sharjah Oral Health Project Centre
2004 - 2005: College of Dentistry, Ajman University of Science and Technology, UAE Dental Tutor Clinical and Pre-clinical teaching at the undergraduate level
Teaching Area
- 2016- present, Preclinical Pediatric Dentistry, Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, UAE
- 2008-2015, Pre-clinical teaching of BDS undergraduate year levels 1-3: - BDS year level 1: Dental Learning Packages (DLP), Dental Anatomy, Dental Health & Science (DHS), and tutorial sessions. - BDS 2-3: Dental Clinical Practice (DCP), Clinical Pediatric Dentistry BDS4, School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, Australia
- 2007-2008, Pre-clinical and clinical teaching at the undergraduate level, Human Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Sharjah, UAE
- 2005-2006, Pre-clinical and clinical teaching at the undergraduate level, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, UAE
2016- present, Preclinical Pediatric Dentistry, Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, UAE
2008-2015, Pre-clinical teaching of BDS undergraduate year levels 1-3: - BDS year level 1: Dental Learning Packages (DLP), Dental Anatomy, Dental Health & Science (DHS), and tutorial sessions. - BDS 2-3: Dental Clinical Practice (DCP), Clinical Pediatric Dentistry BDS4, School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, Australia
2007-2008, Pre-clinical and clinical teaching at the undergraduate level, Human Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Sharjah, UAE
2005-2006, Pre-clinical and clinical teaching at the undergraduate level, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, UAE
Research
- Pediatric Dentistry
- Growth and Development
- Dental Anatomy and Occlusion
- Twin Research
- Dental education and assessment methods
Pediatric Dentistry
Growth and Development
Dental Anatomy and Occlusion
Twin Research
Dental education and assessment methods
Publications
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Timing of colonization of caries-producing bacteria: an approach based on studying monozygotic twin pairs.
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Prevalence of infraocclusion of primary molars determined using a new 2D image analysis methodology.
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Infraocclusion: Dental development and associated dental variations in singletons and twins.
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Genetic and environmental causes of variation in the expression of infraoccluded primary teeth.
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Parental perceptions and drinking water source among pediatric population in the United Arab Emirates.
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Emergency medical care in dentistry: A cross sectional analysis of competencies for undergraduate students.
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OXIS contact areas of primary molars–a two center cross-sectional study.
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Forensic Odontology: Knowledge and Attitude of Dental Students in Ajman University, United Arab Emirates.
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The Influence of Dental Trauma Education on Undergraduate Students at Ajman University, United Arab Emirates: An Interventional Study.
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Interproximal contact areas of primary molars based on OXIS classification–a two centre cross sectional study.
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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and Dentistry: A Summative Review of Guidelines issued by National Health Authorities.
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Determining the impact of stressors on students’ clinical performance in endodontics.
Timing of colonization of caries-producing bacteria: an approach based on studying monozygotic twin pairs.
Findings are presented from a prospective cohort study of timing of primary tooth emergence and timing of oral colonization of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in Australian twins. The paper focuses on differences in colonization timing in genetically identical monozygotic (MZ) twins. Timing of tooth emergence was based on parental report. Colonization timing of S. mutans were established by plating samples of plaque and saliva on selective media at 3 monthly intervals and assessing colony morphology. In 25% of individuals colonization occurred prior to emergence of the first tooth. A significant proportion of MZ pairs (21%) was discordant for colonization occurring before or after first tooth emergence, suggesting a role of environmental or epigenetic factors in timing of tooth emergence, colonization by S. mutans, or both. These findings and further application of the MZ co-twin model should assist in development of strategies to prevent or delay infection with S. mutans in children.
About the journal
Prevalence of infraocclusion of primary molars determined using a new 2D image analysis methodology.
Background The reported prevalence of infraocclusion varies widely, reflecting differences in definitions and measurement/scoring approaches. This study aimed to quantify the prevalence and extent of infraocclusion in singletons and twins during the late mixed dentition stage of dental development using a new diagnostic imaging method and objective criteria. The study also aimed to determine any associations between infraocclusion and gender, arch type, arch side and tooth type. Methods Two samples were analysed, 1454 panoramic radiographs of singletons and 270 dental models of twins. Both samples ranged in age from 8 to 11 years. Adobe Photoshop CS5 was used to measure the extent of infraocclusion. Repeatability tests showed systematic and random errors were small. Results The prevalence in the maxilla was low (
About the journal
Infraocclusion: Dental development and associated dental variations in singletons and twins.
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of selected dental variations in association with infraocclusion, as well as determining the effects of infraocclusion on dental development and tooth size, in singletons and twins. Design Two samples were analysed. The first sample comprised 1454 panoramic radiographs of singleton boys and girls aged 8–11 years. The second sample comprised dental models of 202 pairs of monozygotic and dizygotic twins aged 8–11 years. Adobe Photoshop CS5 was used to construct reference lines and measure the extent of infraocclusion (in mm) of primary molars on the panoramic radiographs and on 2D images obtained from the dental models. The panoramic radiographs were examined for the presence of selected dental variations and to assess dental development following the Demirjian and Willems systems. The twins’ dental models were measured to assess mesiodistal crown widths. Results In the singleton sample there was a significant association of canines in an altered position during eruption and the lateral incisor complex (agenesis and/or small tooth size) with infraocclusion (P < 0.001), but there was no significant association between infraocclusion and agenesis of premolars. Dental age assessment revealed that dental development was delayed in individuals with infraocclusion compared to controls. The primary mandibular canines were significantly smaller in size in the infraoccluded group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The presence of other dental variations in association with infraocclusion, as well as delayed dental development and reduced tooth size, suggests the presence of a pleiotropic effect. The underlying aetiological factors may be genetic and/or epigenetic.
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Genetic and environmental causes of variation in the expression of infraoccluded primary teeth.
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Parental perceptions and drinking water source among pediatric population in the United Arab Emirates.
Aims: The aim of the study is to determine the water source used for drinking and cooking purpose by the pediatric population in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). To ascertain the underlying factors influencing the parental choice for selecting tap water or bottled water. The study was also done to evaluate whether demographic factors have an influence on the parental choice of water consumption source.Materials and Methods: A total of 200 parents who had children aged between 3- and 15-year-old were chosen for this randomized cross-sectional study. The parents of the selected children were given a prewritten questionnaire consisting of 12 questions in four different languages. The questionnaires documented sociodemographic characteristics, water consumption practices, and the rationale for choosing bottled water and tap water. The responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a Chi-square test for a single proportion. Results: Majority of the parents in this study preferred bottled water to tap water for drinking and cooking purposes. About 84% of the parents opted bottled water for drinking and 57% selected bottled water for cooking at home. The consumption of tap water for drinking purpose from school and home was only 13% and 16%, respectively. Parental educational background and household income did not affect their selected source of water. A Chi-square test of independence conducted to investigate possible association between source of water and its purpose for drinking and cooking revealed that the source of water (tap/bottled water) was dependent on its purpose. Conclusion: A greater percentage of the UAE pediatric population utilized bottled water for drinking at school and home. The perceptions about the quality and safety of tap water had a great effect on the caregiver's choice on children's water consumption habits. The demographic factors such as socioeconomic status and parental education had no influence on the source of water used for drinking purpose.
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Emergency medical care in dentistry: A cross sectional analysis of competencies for undergraduate students.
Background : The possibility of a medical crisis, albeit a relatively uncommon occurrence in a dental practice, is often overlooked and it is imperative that dental practitioners equip themselves with the knowledge and skills essential to manage potentially life-threatening situations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and competency levels of dental undergraduate students training across universities in the UAE in basic life support (BLS) and medical emergencies in a dental setting. Methods: A cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted and 411 students undergoing clinical training (4th and 5th year of dental school) voluntarily participated in this study. The questionnaire comprised questions related to commonly occurring medical emergencies that they may have encountered in a dental setting. Data collected were then tabulated and subjected to descriptive statistical analysis. Results: More than half of the respondents (55.2%) reported that they had lower confidence in handling medical emergencies, with 54.7% claiming that they had not received training on the subject during their undergraduate course. Majority of the respondents (216) reported that they would only choose to record vital signs if the medical history of the patient was indicative of an underlying condition. Discussion: Findings from the present study strongly mandate the inclusion of training for BLS and medical emergencies in the existing dental curriculum to equip graduate dental practitioners to handle a medical crisis in their dental practice.
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OXIS contact areas of primary molars–a two center cross-sectional study.
Background: Contact areas in primary teeth are known to be broader, flatter and situated farther gingivally than permanent teeth. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of OXIS contact areas between primary molars using die models of children from two different ethnic populations. The research question of the present study is “What is the prevalence OXIS contact areas of primary molars in the populations studied?”. Methods: A cross-sectional study was planned in a representative sample of 200 caries-free contact areas among children aged 3-6 years in two centers, Ajman and Puducherry. Data collection was performed from sectional or full-arch die stone models. The contacts were assessed according to OXIS classification by a single calibrated examiner at Center 2. Prevalence was expressed as numbers and percentages. The Chi-square test was applied to determine the association of OXIS contacts across genders and arches. Results: The prevalence of O, X, I, and S contacts were 19%, 22.5%, 53%, and 5.5% in Center 1 and 6%, 1.5%, 75.5%, and 17% in Center 2, respectively. Significant results (p=0.005) were obtained in Center 1 when inter-arch comparison was performed and between the centers with respect to type of contact. No significant difference was obtained with respect to gender and OXIS contact areas. Conclusions: The present study confirmed OXIS contacts in both the centers. The ‘O’ and ‘X’ types of contacts were observed more in Center 1, whereas ‘I’ and ‘S’ contacts were observed more in Center 2.
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Forensic Odontology: Knowledge and Attitude of Dental Students in Ajman University, United Arab Emirates.
Aims: The aims of this study were to assess dental students’ knowledge and attitude with regard to forensic odontology and to determine students’ opinions in the current dental curriculum. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among dental students at one of the main dental colleges in the United Arab Emirates; only dental students on their final year and internship were invited to participate. An online self-administrated questionnaire was used, which consisted of a set of 15 questions. All the data were entered into Microsoft Excel and then transferred into SPSS. Results: A total of 276 dental students contributed to this study. The highest percentage of correct responses stated by the students was related to the estimation of individuals’ age and estimation of dental age based on radiograph and eruption status. However, there were clear deficiencies in students’ knowledge in relation to other aspects such as gender identification and lip-print, palatal rugae as an indicator in forensic identification. A high percentage (84.8%) had no formal education in the field of forensic odontology. Moreover, 93.1% of the students agreed that their present knowledge about forensic odontology is inadequate. Most of the participants (95.0%) agreed upon the necessity of adding a module on forensic odontology to the current curriculum. Conclusion: Our study revealed inadequate knowledge among dental students in relation to forensic odontology. This lack of knowledge among them attributed to the lack of formal training, and lack of forensic odontology as a part of dental curriculum. Forensic odontology must be added to the undergraduate curriculum as a separate subject to enrich students’ knowledge and awareness toward medico-legal cases in their future careers.
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The Influence of Dental Trauma Education on Undergraduate Students at Ajman University, United Arab Emirates: An Interventional Study.
Background and Objectives: The main objective of this study was to assess the impact of a lecture on dental trauma on the knowledge of undergraduate dental students at Ajman University in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods: Fourth-year dental students were asked to attend a lecture on dental trauma and then respond to an online questionnaire containing 10 close-ended questions related to their approach to managing dental trauma cases and tooth avulsion before (T0) and directly after (T1) the lecture. They were given 5 min for filling the questionnaire either time. McNemars test was used to compare the accuracy of their answers based on the correct or incorrect response for each question. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The questionnaire was sent to 164 students, out of which 157 responded, giving a response rate of 95.7%. After receiving the educational intervention, the students showed a significant improvement in their knowledge on managing permanent tooth avulsion, especially regarding the handling of an avulsed tooth before replantation, extra-alveolar time, and media used for the storage and transportation of avulsed teeth (< 0.001). Conclusion: The study reveals that the lecture on dental trauma had an excellent outcome on the knowledge of the students. Therefore, it is essential to emphasize the importance of this information among undergraduate dental students in order to save teeth exposed to trauma and to reduce the social burden of such cases. This study contributes to better understanding of the effect of dental trauma education on undergraduate dental students’ knowledge of the subject.
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Interproximal contact areas of primary molars based on OXIS classification–a two centre cross sectional study.
Background: Contact areas in primary teeth are known to be broader, flatter and situated farther gingivally than permanent teeth. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of OXIS contact areas between primary molars using die models of children from two different ethnic populations. The research question of the present study is “What is the prevalence OXIS contact areas of primary molars in the populations studied?”. Methods: A cross-sectional study was planned in a representative sample of 200 caries-free contact areas among children aged 3-6 years in two centers, Ajman and Puducherry. Data collection was performed from sectional or full-arch die stone models. The contacts were assessed according to OXIS classification by a single calibrated examiner at Center 2. Prevalence was expressed as numbers and percentages. The Chi-square test was applied to determine the association of OXIS contacts across genders and arches. Results: The prevalence of O, X, I, and S contacts were 19%, 22.5%, 53%, and 5.5% in Center 1 and 6%, 1.5%, 75.5%, and 17% in Center 2, respectively. Significant results (p=0.005) were obtained in Center 1 when inter-arch comparison was performed and between the centers with respect to type of contact. No significant difference was obtained with respect to gender and OXIS contact areas. Conclusions: The present study confirmed OXIS contacts in both the centers. The ‘O’ and ‘X’ types of contacts were observed more in Center 1, whereas ‘I’ and ‘S’ contacts were observed more in Center 2.
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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and Dentistry: A Summative Review of Guidelines issued by National Health Authorities.
COVID-19 was first reported in China, in November 2019 and since then the spread of this disease was so rapid that on March 11, 2020, it was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Due to the high transmissibility of the COVID virus and the associated morbidity and mortality, various International and National health authorities released different guidelines for day-to-day living, laying down “new norms” which has impacted our lives enormously. Although these guidelines seem to be convoluted but owing to some differences in the guidelines, it raises an ambiguity in the minds of dentists. Hence, we felt the need of this review to summarize different guidelines issued by various National health authorities for catering emergency and routine dental care. We included guidelines from CDC, ADA, NHS, India, UAE, Egypt, and Tunisia and compared and consolidated to reach a consensus that teledentistry is a good alternative to face-to-face management for nonemergency patients. Triage should be done for all patients coming to the health-care facility. Temperature and other vital parameters should be recorded in our daily practice. Antibacterial mouth rinses before the dental procedure can reduce the microbial load and therefore can alleviate transmission. To reduce indirect transmission through fomites on inanimate objects various waiting area changes must be ensured. Air conditioners can be used in well-serviced conditions with due care given to ventilation of the operatory after each patient. Strict disinfection protocols and personal protective equipment for dentist safety are mandatory.
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Determining the impact of stressors on students’ clinical performance in endodontics.
Objectives This study aims to evaluate the impact of stress on the clinical performance of endodontics dental students. Method The study sample consists of 16 randomly selected fourth-year dental students who had completed pre-clinical activities stipulated in their curriculum. The distal canal of a plastic mandibular first molar is prepared on two separate occasions, first under normal conditions and then under stressful conditions. The preparation accuracy of the root canal and the time taken to complete the task area measured. Stress is assessed using subjective (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Perceived Stress Scale) and objective (heart rate) measures. Results While the accuracy of the root canal preparation did not differ significantly between the normal and stressful conditions (p > 0.05, paired t-test), the completion time for the root canal preparation decreased significantly under stressful conditions (p < 0.05, paired t-test). Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that there is no association between the high levels of stress and the performance breakdown of root canal hand instrumentation skills. Students develop an adaptive response to stress, enabling them to improve their completion times and maintain their performance under stressful conditions. Future research should focus on learning methods that can contribute toward better outcomes, especially in stressful environments.
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Conference Presentation
- R. Odeh, G. Townsend, S. Mihailidis, T. Hughes, R. Lahdesmaki, A. Brook. Infraocclusion: clinical features and associated anomalies in singletons and twins . Abstract submitted and oral presentation performed at the ANZ Division of IADR, Brisbane, October 2014.
- R. Odeh, G. Townsend, S. Mihailidis, T. Hughes, R. Lahdesmaki, A. Brook. Infraocclusion of primary molars and associated dental anomalies in twins and singletons: what is the underlying aetiology? Abstract submitted and oral presentation performed at the School of Dentistry, Research Day 2013, The University of Adelaide, August 2013.
- R. Odeh, G. Townsend, S. Mihailidis, T. Hughes, R. Lahdesmaki, A. Brook. Genetic and environmental causes of variation in expression of infraoccluded primary teeth in twins and singletons. Abstract submitted and oral presentation performed at the Faculty of Health Sciences postgraduate research conference 2012, The University of Adelaide, August 2012.
- R. Odeh, G. Townsend, S. Mihailidis, T. Hughes, R. Lahdesmaki, A. Brook. Genetic and environmental causes of variation in expression of infraoccluded primary teeth in twins and singletons. Abstract submitted and oral presentation performed at the School of Dentistry, Research Day 2012, The University of Adelaide, August 2012.
R. Odeh, G. Townsend, S. Mihailidis, T. Hughes, R. Lahdesmaki, A. Brook. Infraocclusion: clinical features and associated anomalies in singletons and twins . Abstract submitted and oral presentation performed at the ANZ Division of IADR, Brisbane, October 2014.
R. Odeh, G. Townsend, S. Mihailidis, T. Hughes, R. Lahdesmaki, A. Brook. Infraocclusion of primary molars and associated dental anomalies in twins and singletons: what is the underlying aetiology? Abstract submitted and oral presentation performed at the School of Dentistry, Research Day 2013, The University of Adelaide, August 2013.
R. Odeh, G. Townsend, S. Mihailidis, T. Hughes, R. Lahdesmaki, A. Brook. Genetic and environmental causes of variation in expression of infraoccluded primary teeth in twins and singletons. Abstract submitted and oral presentation performed at the Faculty of Health Sciences postgraduate research conference 2012, The University of Adelaide, August 2012.
R. Odeh, G. Townsend, S. Mihailidis, T. Hughes, R. Lahdesmaki, A. Brook. Genetic and environmental causes of variation in expression of infraoccluded primary teeth in twins and singletons. Abstract submitted and oral presentation performed at the School of Dentistry, Research Day 2012, The University of Adelaide, August 2012.
Memberships, Awards and Honors
- Member: The Centre for Orofacial Research and Learning (CORAL) 2010-Present School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Australia
- Member: International Association of Dental Research (IADR) 2014-Present
- Member: Craniofacial Research Biology Group (CRBG) 2010-Present School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Australia
- Member: International Association of Pediatric Dentists (IAPD) - UAE division 2016- present