Dr. Maher AL Shayeb graduated from the College of Dentistry at Ajman University. He completed his Master of Science in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from Jordan University of Science and Technology. And he received his Fellowship in Oral Implantology from the International Congress of Oral Implantologist in the United States of America , Fellowship from the royal college of physicians and surgeons of England and membership from the royal college of physicians and surgeons of Glasgow. He is active member in the Jordanian Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons Association, International Congress of Oral Implantologist, and the American Academy of Implant Dentistry. He is a lecturer and clinical supervisor in the department of Oral and the Maxillofacial Surgery. Also he serves as the head of the infection control department, clinical coordinator in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery department, and coordinator for the student’s activities in the College of Dentistry in Ajman University
Background Cephalometric radiography enables a physician to identify specific areas of craniofacial disproportionality and decide on a treatment plan. Cephalometric analysis is a method for localizeing malocclusion with the facial skeleton and soft tissue structures. This study reports the results from the cephalometric analysis of Libyan adults, as a surrogate for the population of North Africa. Methods Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken of 100 non-growing Libyan adults: 74 males and 26 females, aged 17–45 years. All subjects had no previous orthodontic treatment. The mean values and standard deviations of 92 parameters were determined. Results The hard tissue cephalometric analysis revealed lower variability in the length of vertical distances compared to those extending more horizontally. In adult Libyans, linear and angular midface measurements (hard tissue and soft tissue) exhibit less variability compared to other measurements taken. Libyans exhibit some of the structural deviations from Bolton's means that were previously found in Americans of African descent. Namely, they are characterized by the greater development of the maxillomandibular complex and by the presence of dentoalveolar protrusion, which must be taken into account when treating patients of this ethnic group. Conclusion The current study once again confirmed the need to develop cephalometric norms for different ethnic groups, the Arab population in North Africa in particular. Keywords Cephalometric analysisCephalometricsLibyan adultsOrthodonticsStructural deviations
BOTOX is a neurotoxin used in the management of dystonia as it blocks Ach release resulting in temporary muscle paralysis. It could be used for correction of gummy smile resultant from over functioning elevator muscles of the upper lip. The current study aimed to investigate botulinum toxin as a treatment modality of patients with gummy smile. This study enrolled 37 patients; gingival display was assessed as the vertical distance from the gingival zenith of the upper central incisor to the upper lip inferior border. Before Botox, the gingival display during smile ranged between 6-9 mm and 5–7 mm at the incisor and buccal regions, respectively. One week after Botox administration, a significant reduction in gingival display was observed. During smiling, the mean gingival display between maxillary central incisors and upper lip was approximately 1.5± 0.2 mm. In addition, the gingival display at the incisor and the buccal regions was ranged between 1.2 to 2 mm and 1-1.6 mm, respectively. Botulinum toxin injection is simple, effective, painless, conservative way for correction of gummy smile, and achieving high patient satisfaction. It can be used for subjects with excessive gingival display without invasive surgical procedures. Clinical article (J Int Dent Med Res 2021; 14(4): 1537-1541) Keywords: Botulinum Toxin Type A (BOTOX); Neurotoxin; Gummy Smile; non-invasive techniques
Background: The expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and Keratin-15 (K15) in radicular cysts (RCs) is poorly understood. Identifying the expression of these two markers may modify the current treatment of RC. The objective of this study was to evaluate the expression of COX-2 and its relationship to K15 expression in the odontogenic epithelial cells of the RC. Material and methods: A total of 18 RCs were immunohistochemically analyzed for COX-2 and K15 expression. The cellular inflammatory reaction in the cyst wall was also assessed by measuring the percentage of inflammatory cells to the total number of cells. Results: COX-2 expression in the odontogenic epithelium of RC was absent in 11.1 % (n=2), mild in 27.8 % (n=5), moderate in 22.2% (n=4) and strong in 38.9% (n=7). Meanwhile, K15 expression was absent in 27.8% (n=5), mild in 16.7% (n=3), moderate in 44.4% (n=8), and strong in 11.1% (n=2) of the cases. The inflammatory infiltrate was mild in 2 cases (11.1%), moderate in 6 cases (33.3%), and high in 10 cases (55.6%). Spearman's correlation test revealed significant correlation (rho= .533; p= .023) between COX-2 and K15 expression in the odontogenic epithelium of RC. However, no correlation was noted between inflammation and expression of COX-2 (rho= 0.248, p=.321) or K15 (rho= -0.162, p= .520). Conclusions: There is high and correlated expression of COX-2 and K15 in the odontogenic epithelium of RC. COX-2 could therefore be involved in epithelial cell differentiation of the cyst. Additionally, the expression of K15 in RC may be an indicator of epithelial cell differentiation. Key words:Cyclooxygenase, COX-2, Keratin-15, K15, Radicular cys
The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and awareness of pre-disposing factors of Oral cancer among the dental practitioners and the internship students. A self-administered questionnaire was designed to collect information regarding the most common site involved in oral cancer with tobacco & alcohol, early signs of oral cancer, gender, site involvement with reverse smoking, pre-disposing factors of oral cancer, family history, in relation with human papillomavirus among a group of dental practitioners and the internship dental students. According to the survey, 51.4% of the dental practitioners chose floor of the mouth as the most common site prone to oral cancer with consumption of tobacco followed by tongue (27.1%) & then the gingiva (12.9%). Oropharynx is considered the least common site (8.6%).90% of dentist’s state tobacco may induce premalignant changes in the form of red and/or white oral patches. 97.1% of dentist’s concluded patient’s using tobacco & alcohol are more prone to oral cancer. 50% of the dentist consider there is no association between mouthwash containing alcohol & development of oral cancer
Dental implants have become increasingly important in daily dental offices. The degree of pain and discomfort experienced during a surgical procedure varies from one patient to another. Using advanced machine learning algorithms to predict pain, the dentist and the patient would make more informed decisions about the treatment. This study aims at Predicting postoperative discomfort using an AI-based multi-linear regression model. The functional parametric association between the eight parameters (age, sex, and operating technique) and the patient’s postoperative pain was established following implant surgery. The output was normalized information regarding both incidence and severity of immediate discomfort post-implant surgery. To enhance the generalization ability of the multiple linear regression (MLR) model and avoid overfitting, 825 cases were provided as the training set, while 207 cases were given for data authentication. In addition, 45 samples were used as controls to determine the model’s prediction accuracy. Evaluation of the given model reveals a Root Mean Squared Error of 0.108477788. This prototype predicted AI model postoperative pain following implant surgery with 89.6 % accuracy. Finally, this AI model exhibited clinical viability and utility in predicting postoperative pain after surgery.
Background: The present study was planned to compare the efficacy of Hi-Ora mouthrinse as against 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) in treatmentof patients with chronic gingivitis. Materials and Methods: The present study was designed as a randomized controlled trial including90 patients with chronic gingivitis who were divided into three groups including Group A in which 0.12% CHX was prescribed, Group B inwhich patients were prescribed Hi-Ora, and Group C in which normal saline was prescribed after oral prophylaxis while the mean gingivalindex (GI) and plaque index (PI) scores were recorded after 1 week. Inter-group comparisons between different groups were done with thehelp of Independent t-test and Tukey’s post hoc test while P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In the present study, themean GI score (postintervention) was found to be 0.71 ± 0.27 in CHX, 0.68 ± 0.17 in Hi-Ora, and 1.59 ± 0.55 in the normal saline group withthe results being statistically significant (P < 0.0001). Similarly, the mean PI score in the present study was found to be 0.81 ± 0.34 in theCHX group with the corresponding values being 0.79 ± 0.28 in Hi-Ora and 1.86 ± 0.61 in the normal saline group with statistically significantresults (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: The results of the present study suggested Hi-Ora to be equally efficacious as 0.12% CHX in reducing themean GI and PI scores in patients with chronic gingivitis. (17) (PDF) Evaluation of Efficacy of Hi‑Ora Mouthrinse as Against 0.12% Chlorhexidine in Treatment of Patients with Chronic Gingivitis A Randomized‑Controlled Trial. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/365013231_Evaluation_of_Efficacy_of_Hi-Ora_Mouthrinse_as_Against_012_Chlorhexidine_in_Treatment_of_Patients_with_Chronic_Gingivitis_A_Randomized-Controlled_Trial [accessed Dec 21 2022].
Technology is rapidly evolving in the modern world, and the accompanying developments due to its influence are shaping each and every aspect of our life, with the field of orthodontics being no exception. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine such trends in orthodontics and hypothesize which ones would emerge and continue in the near future. After a thorough search of online journals using keywords such as “3D printing,” “Aligners,” “Artificial intelligence,” “Future trends,” “Orthodontics,” and “Teleorthodontics” across databases of PubMed-MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus, a total of 634 papers were initially recovered. Technological advancements in 3D printing, Computer-aided design and Computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), biopolymers and Teleorthodontics were the most important categories of development seen across the 17 studies that we selected for our review. All the investigations selected for this systematic review depicted aspects of orthodontics that were influenced by rapid technological changes and could potentially become mainstream in the coming times. However, caution was sought to be observed in the usage/adoption of some of these trends, with social media usage amongst both patients as well as orthodontists being a prime example of this.
Abstract: Background: Acceptability tests are designed to demonstrate that there is no chance that cosmetics would irritate or distress users in day-to-day situations. Objectives: to develop and validate a tool or scale that dermatologists, general practitioners, and other healthcare professionals can employ to assess a cosmetic product’s tolerability, safety of usage, and pleasantness. Methods: A three-step modified Delphi technique was used in the consensus process. Two rounds of online surveys and a final face-to-face meeting were performed. Fifty experts for the Delphi panel were chosen to reflect a holistic array of expertise and perspectives in pharmacovigilance, dermatology, and cosmetic safety assessments. In round 1, 80 statements and 115 statements related to skin tolerance and cosmetic safety/efficacy, respectively, were distributed to all members of the expert panel. The expert panel was asked to rate the extent to which they agreed with each statement in the questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale and given a chance to include a remark beside each item. A statement had to receive 80% of the panel’s approval to be accepted. Results: A total of 50 professional experts were recruited in the Delphi questionnaire rounds (response rate = 63%). The expert panel reached a consensus on 30 statements to evaluate skin tolerability and 34 statements to evaluate cosmetic safety and efficacy (agreement rate level ≥ 80%). The experts also proposed a generic, systematic approach that would allow patients to report both functional and physical symptoms in addition to those discovered during an examination (clinical signs). The confrontation of these symptoms determines whether the investigated cosmetic product is ultimately cutaneously acceptable. Conclusion: The tool that was proposed during this study offered good content validity. Future studies are recommended to test the developed tools in practice to evaluate the good skin compatibility and the safety and quality of cosmetics in the UAE and other nations.
Bruxism is a parafunctional activity characterized by grinding or clenching of teeth and is a common oral health concern in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). Understanding the prevalence of bruxism in this population is crucial for developing effective management strategies. This systematic review and meta-analysis is aimed to investigate the prevalence of bruxism among individuals with DS and explore its association with other oral health issues; METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple electronic databases to identify relevant studies. Cross-sectional and observational studies were included. Data on bruxism prevalence and associated factors were extracted, and a meta-analysis was performed using both fixed and random-effects models of MedCalc software. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using I2 statistics. New Castle - Ottawa scale was used to evaluate methodological quality of the included studies RESULTS: Eight studies met the predefined inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Seven studies used a questionnaire to assess bruxism. The pooled proportion estimate for occurrence of Down's syndrome across the included studies was found to be 0.33 (95% CI: 0.22-0.45) as per the RE model and 0.35(95% CI: 0.31-0.450) as per FE model in the quantitative analysis. All studies exhibited good methodological quality CONCLUSION: This systematic review and meta-analysis provide evidence of a significant prevalence of bruxism among individuals with Down syndrome. The findings highlight the association of bruxism with other oral health issues and specific chromosomal abnormalities. Comprehensive oral health assessments, including diagnostic procedures like PSG, are essential for addressing the unique oral health needs of individuals with DS. Further studies are recommended with a valid tool for the diagnosis. Early interventions and management strategies need to be tailored to this population, considering the multifaceted nature of oral health concerns in individuals with DS.
Objective: To synthesise the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using Acacia catechu through biogenic synthesis and evaluate their antimicrobial efficacy against S. mutans and E. coli in vitro. Methods: Green synthesised AuNPs were characterised using the ultraviolet–visible (UV‑Vis) spectroscopy, and the size and shape of the synthesised nanoparticles were evaluated using the transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The antimicrobial efficacy of AuNPs (30/60/100 µl) against S. mutans/E. coli was evaluated on the Mueller–Hinton agar by measuring the zone of inhibition (ZOI) with ampicillin (15 µl) as a positive control. Results: The synthesised AuNPs were confirmed using the UV‑Vis spectroscopy with peaks at 540 nm, and the size of the particle estimated using the TEM was between 5 and 15 nm. The antimicrobial efficacy of AuNPs was comparable to that of ampicillin against S. mutans/E. coli, but the difference was not significant. The antimicrobial effects increased in a dose‑dependent fashion but were comparable across all concentrations and ampicillin. Conclusion: Green synthesised AuNPs exhibited significant antibacterial activity against S. mutans and E. coli at par with commercial ampicillin and demonstrated the potential towards anticariogenic agent for future use in dentistry. Keywords: Caries, gold nanoparticles, green synthesis, S. mutan
Background: A zoonotic, double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the genus Orthopoxvirus, the monkeypox virus is most common in tropical regions of Central and West Africa. The frequency of monkeypox cases, however, has sharply climbed globally since May 2022. Objectives: To establish the threat of monkeypox in terms of the oral lesions caused in sufferers. Materials and methods: After a thorough study of the literature identified in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane library databases using the PRISMA framework, 103 papers were found. Using inclusion and exclusion criteria, we chose research that was relevant for our review before shortlisting 14 papers that conformed to the review's guidelines. Results: In the 14 selected studies, it was found that oral lesions were among the first clinical signs of a monkeypox affliction, with ulcers on the dorsal surface of tongue lips being the most common areas affected. Conclusion: The rarely observed oral lesions of monkeypox infection may help in the diagnosis and management of this condition. It is critical to keep in mind that recognising and detecting oral lesions in monkeypox patients opens the door to more research and efficient patient management. Keywords Monkeypox; Oral lesions; Outbreak; Systematic review; Zoonotic virus
Enzymes in peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) have emerged as essential biomarkers in the field of periodontics, providing critical insights into the health and stability of dental implants. This essay explores the significance of various enzymes in PISF, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), elastase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), in assessing the local inflammatory environment and diagnosing peri-implant diseases. The analysis of these enzymes facilitates early detection of complications, personalized treatment planning, and long-term monitoring, emphasizing the need for a multidisciplinary approach to patient care. Collaboration among dental professionals and patient education is crucial in ensuring the successful management and maintenance of dental implants. Understanding the role of enzymes in PISF and their implications in periodontal health underscores their significance in contemporary periodontics and emphasizes the need for ongoing research and technological advancements