This Course aims to enable the students to diagnose the need for endodontic therapy. Previous endodontic courses presented a biologic foundation relating to endodontic clinical diagnosis. Students are provided with the basic concepts of diagnosis and treatment planning including medically compromised patients. Advanced endodontic techniques and/ or treatment modalities for the following conditions are also discussed: endodontic retreatment, apexification and apexogenesis, internal and external resorption, traumatic injuries to teeth.